Construction Principles
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Solar eclipse, 18th century artwork Photo Mugs Solar eclipse. 18th century diagram showing the principles behind solar eclipses. Figure I shows difference in appearance between total (B) and annular (A) eclipses. Figure II shows how the Moon (small circle, centre right) prevents the light (lines) from the Sun (far left) from reaching the Earth (right), when the Moon is situated between the Earth and the Sun. Figure III shows how the position o… |
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Residential Construction Academy Electrical Principles Video Set [VHS] $1,024.95 A companion to the RCA Electrical Principles text, the RCA Electrical Principles Video Series introduces the viewer to electrical theory and its applications through an overview of important concepts, equations, and practical examples. The series contains a set of eight, 20-minute videos, covering direct and alternating current, as well as an introduction to Single Phase Motors. Full-color graphi… |
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Principles and Practice of Civil Engineering (License Exam Review Lecture Videotape Program) [10 VHS Video Set] $245.00 (10 VHS Videos) Civil Engineering Exam Review Videotape Program, Principles and Practice of Civil Engineering. A lecture series recorded by the Boston Society of Civil Engineering, in cooperation with the American Society of Civil Engineers, to help those around the country who do not have the information readily available to them, so they might ready themselves for the civil engineering license e… |
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Residential Construction Academy Electrical Principles $60.00 Author: Stephen L. Herman Part of the Residential Construction Academy series, Electrical Principles bridges the gap between theory books that include topics that electricians do not need to know (e.g., resonance and devices) and books for electricians that try to cover all the theory in one chapter. Instead, through the use of a lively writing style and frequent examples, Stephen Herman expands o… |
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Residential Construction Academy: Electrical Principles, 2nd Edition $74.97 *Features* More Chapter Review questions allow for ample practice and mastery of core concepts. New and updated art throughout the book lends greater clarity to subject matter. Chapter overviews, practice problems and examples are used extensively throughout the text to help you master the material. Separate chapter on Safety provides a strong foundation to keep you safe on the job. Glossary of Te… |
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Tranquility ATN (All-Through-the-Night) Disposable Brief, Large, Pack: 12 $6.50 For maximum protection. Holds over a quart of liquid. Sleep all through the night uninterrupted by changes without compromising skin safety. Includes micro-hook closure tabs for easy reattachment and less waste. Peach mat absorbent core guarantees skin dryness, odor control urine pH neutralization. latex-free. TRA2186… |
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Sage Peachtree Complete Accounting 2011 [OLD VERSION] $19.99 Sage Peachtree Complete Accounting 2011 helps you work more easily and efficiently with robust core accounting and added features like job costing time and billing in-depth inventory capabilities and analysis tools. Its multi-user option* helps improve productivity while providing screen-level security and a clear audit trail. Save time with simplified dashboards management centers integration wit… |
How to Botch a Home Loan Application: An Example from Owner Builder Construction Loans
Getting a loan pre-approval from a lender is a quick, easy process. Typically, you fill out a few pages about your financial situation, the bank runs the numbers through a computer approval system, and you’re pre-approved the next day.
So, how do so many people mess it up so badly? Simply put, people lie (either to themselves or about themselves) when filling out a loan application.
We’ll look at examples from customers who applied for owner builder construction loans, but the principles of filling out a home loan application will apply equally well to anyone who wants a loan to buy or refinance a home.
Owner builder construction loans are for individuals who wish to build their own house without having to hire a General Contractor. Therefore, they manage the sub-contractors themselves and oversee the project.
However, an owner builder loan application is no different from a standard purchase loan or refinance loan application. Almost every bank across the country will use a form known as a Uniform Residential Loan Application, also known as a 1003.
On this 4 or 5 page form, you simply fill in information about your financial situation. On the first page, you’ll cover simple info about the property as well as information about your address, phone, social security number, etc.
The second page will cover your work history and income. The third page will cover your assets and your monthly debts. All in all, the process is not difficult. In fact, anyone, whether you are an owner builder or someone looking to refinance an existing home, can fill it out without too much difficulty.
Therefore, the mistakes that are seen on owner builder loan applications be due to reasons other than misunderstandings. Indeed, almost every mistake occurs when an owner builder decides to embellish his qualifications or thinks it’s unimportant to be as accurate as possible.
You may be asking yourself why it’s such a big deal. Why should you care if you round off your numbers on the application? After all, it’s just a pre-approval. The bank will collect all of the real paperwork later on.
Here’s an example from a recent owner builder loan. A loan applicant decided the pre-approval was not worth his time to provide detailed information about his financial situation. He rounded up his income and failed to mention the child support payments that he is obligated to make each month.
In the case of this owner builder, the application was pre-approved quickly and easily. Why wouldn’t it be? On paper, everything looked great. But, when the bank started collecting the official income documentation and discovered the child support payments being deducted from the pay stubs, the borrower no longer qualified for the loan.
Not a big deal, right? Wrong. This owner builder had already put money down on a piece of land that he wanted to buy as well as purchased blueprints for his new home he wanted to build. Imagine the frustration and anger he caused himself when he found he was no longer qualified for the loan and he lost the money he wasted on blueprints.
Even though this is an example from owner builder construction, it still applies to anyone filling out a Uniform Residential Loan Application. Imagine you are buying a home and make a large earnest money deposit on the house you want based on getting pre-approved from your bank. Now imagine that your pre-approval is based on inaccurate information that you told the bank. In fact, imagine that you also wasted money out of your pocket for the home inspection and the appraisal.
So, what can you do? Whether you are looking for an owner builder construction loan or any other type of mortgage: tell the truth.
Do not think that embellishing your financial picture will help. It will only hurt you in the long run when the lender discovers the errors. You are better off getting an accurate pre-approval based on accurate information.
And, if you are unsure about your exact income numbers or your exact amount of assets, then estimate conservatively. That way, if your income or assets turn out to be higher than you estimated, you will still be approved and qualified for the loan program you are counting on. It works for owner builder construction loans. It works for refinances. It works for home purchases. It works.
In fact, one great piece of advice is to supply copies of your W2 forms, your pay stubs, and your asset statements when getting your pre-approval. Many customers, not just owner builder customers, don’t want to take the time to do this, because it’s a hassle. But, your loan officer can use these documents to ensure the pre-approval is based on accurate calculations. Besides, you are going to have to submit these documents for underwriting anyway.
For example, a recent owner builder borrower took the time to submit his pay stubs when he applied for his construction loan. A big portion of his income came from bonus pay. It turned out that he could only get credit for the average of his bonus pay over the last two years, in addition to his full base salary. Therefore, his gross income was calculated slightly lower for the loan that he thought it would have been.
In this case, the owner builder fortunately still qualified for the construction loan. However, you can see how miscalculating income can lead your pre-approval to be inaccurate. Therefore, don’t take any chances. Submit your documentation paperwork when you fill out the application.
So, if you are thinking of applying anytime soon for a mortgage for a home purchase or a simple refinance, then take a lesson from the world of owner builder construction loans. Do not discount the importance of providing accurate information about your financial situation on the Uniform Residential Loan Application. The pre-approval is a quick and easy process, but it’s also a very important one. Owner builder construction loans are no different in this respect.
About the Author
Chris Esposito specializes in owner builder loans, helping people act as their own general contractor to build their homes. Visit Owner Builder 101 for more information about owner builder planning and financing. Go to www.OwnerBuilder101.com, or call (877) 876-3688.
construction and operational principle of aircraft engine?
An AirCraft Engine is an example of a Gas Turbine Engine.. Working of A gas turbine Engine’s as follows
A Little Background:
There are many different kinds of turbines:
* You have probably heard of a steam turbine. Most power plants use coal, natural gas, oil or a nuclear reactor to create steam. The steam runs through a huge and very carefully designed multi-stage turbine to spin an output shaft that drives the plant’s generator.
* Hydroelectric dams use water turbines in the same way to generate power. The turbines used in a hydroelectric plant look completely different from a steam turbine because water is so much denser (and slower moving) than steam, but it is the same principle.
* Wind turbines, also known as wind mills, use the wind as their motive force. A wind turbine looks nothing like a steam turbine or a water turbine because wind is slow moving and very light, but again, the principle is the same.
A gas turbine is an extension of the same concept. In a gas turbine, a pressurized gas spins the turbine. In all modern gas turbine engines, the engine produces its own pressurized gas, and it does this by burning something like propane, natural gas, kerosene or jet fuel. The heat that comes from burning the fuel expands air, and the high-speed rush of this hot air spins the turbine.
The Gas Turbine Process
Gas turbine engines are, theoretically, extremely simple. They have three parts:
* Compressor – Compresses the incoming air to high pressure
* Combustion area – Burns the fuel and produces high-pressure, high-velocity gas
* Turbine – Extracts the energy from the high-pressure, high-velocity gas flowing from the combustion chamber
In this engine, air is sucked in from the right by the compressor. The compressor is basically a cone-shaped cylinder with small fan blades attached in rows. then as the air is forced through the compression stage its pressure rises significantly. In some engines, the pressure of the air can rise by a factor of 30. The high-pressure air produced by the compressor.
This high-pressure air then enters the combustion area, where a ring of fuel injectors injects a steady stream of fuel. The fuel is generally kerosene, jet fuel, propane or natural gas. If you think about how easy it is to blow a candle out, then you can see the design problem in the combustion area — entering this area is high-pressure air moving at hundreds of miles per hour. You want to keep a flame burning continuously in that environment. The piece that solves this problem is called a “flame holder,” or sometimes a “can.”
Thus a Thrust is generated under Newton’s principle that “every action has an equal and opposite reaction.” For example, imagine that you are floating in space and you weigh 100 pounds on Earth. In your hand you have a baseball that weighs 1 pound on Earth. If you throw the baseball away from you at a speed of 32 feet per second (21 mph / 34 kph), your body will move in the opposite direction (it will react) at a speed of 0.32 feet per second. If you were to continuously throw baseballs in that way at a rate of one per second, your baseballs would be generating 1 pound of continuous thrust. Keep in mind that to generate that 1 pound of thrust for an hour you would need to be holding 3,600 pounds of baseballs at the beginning of the hour. If you wanted to do better, the thing to do is to throw the baseballs harder. By “throwing” them (with of a gun, say) at 3,200 feet per second, you would generate 100 pounds of thrust.
In a Jet engine, the baseballs that the engine is throwing out are air molecules. The air molecules are already there, so the airplane does not have to carry them around at least. An individual air molecule does not weigh very much, but the engine is throwing a lot of them and it is throwing them at very high speed. Thrust is coming from two components in the turbofan:
* The gas turbine itself – Generally a nozzle is formed at the exhaust end of the gas turbine (not shown in this figure) to generate a high-speed jet of exhaust gas. A typical speed for air molecules exiting the engine is 1,300 mph (2,092 kph).
* The bypass air generated by the fan – This bypass air moves at a slower speed than the exhaust from the turbine, but the fan moves a lot of air.
As you can see, gas turbine engines are quite common. They are also quite complicated, and they stretch the limits of both fluid dynamics and materials sciences. If you want to learn more, one worthwhile place to go would be the library of a university with a good engineering department.
For Further reference
http://travel.howstuffworks.com/turbine.htm
Principals of Beekeeping : Bee hive construction
In by gone days all a contractor had to do was give the customer good quality and good service and he/she would be set. Then set back and let your customers do your selling for you. They would tell a friend and then that friend would tell a friend. Your phone would be ringing off the hook. I remember as an Architectural designer some days I would have up to four people wanting to schedule appointments for designs. Those days are long gone! But Fear Not! Click Here For Help
